Spring 'number' vs spring spec vs airgun models

Lpgc

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Whenever I look for a replacement spring for my Hw77 (or most other springer guns for that matter) it seems there are manufacturers/suppliers who only talk about what spring 'numbers' will fit in a particular gun.

They don't generally tell you what spec spring the 'number' refers to (such as the outer diameter, inner diameter, coil thickness, number of coils, total uncompressed length, the length at which the spring would become coil bound. How much the outer / inner diameter changes between uncompressed and compressed.

There doesn't seem much information on the internal specs of guns either. The inside diameter of the piston, the diameter of the factory spring guide, the compressed length and uncompressed length.

Is there a table somewhere with all this information? It is a minefield for anyone with a technical interest who might want to apply some of their own thoughts/reasoning to try to achieve what they want out of the gun, such as say a tight fit in the piston / on the guide, lack of preload or lots of preload.

It would be better if spring makers gave more info like "Your early 25mm HW77 has XYZ internal dimensions, we find best results come from a spring with A and B clearances in the piston and on the guide when uncompressed and C and D clearances on the piston and guide when compressed. We also find a spring of overall length works well in your gun, which gives a distance of E between coils when compressed if no spacer is used to increase preload. For that reason we recommend our S1 spring for your gun if you are trying to achieve 1 or S2 spring for your gun if you are trying to achieve 2 but you might have other ideas in which case you will find our S5 and S7 springs will also both fit but S5 will have less clearance and more clearance so might increase power and S7 will have more clearance but will decrease power". But instead they all say something like "Our number 1 for your HW77 or a number 3 would also fit". You ask them for more info and they haven't got a clue. So much for trusting them to be in a position to advise on springs, they don't even know what the spec of what they're selling, it makes all the sales talk about 'tuning for better X and less Y' seem just like the bs sales talk it probably is.
 
There is a list of sizes on another forum but some manufacturers have changed their spring specs over the years like Weihrauch for example . Some of their models now use the same springs whereas before they had their own spec one .

The HW80 for example now uses the same spring as the HW97 though you can still source the older springs for the HW80 from the Likes of Knibbs .



List here https://www.airgunbbs.com/showthread.php?646926-Mainspring-data-thread&p=5864483#post5864483
Thanks, I have yet to look at the list you linked to but I certainly look at it a bit later. (y)

Just had a very brief look. Is there a table for number versus spec for common spring manufacturers such as those sold by Titan and others sold as part of UK tuning kits?
 
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Thanks, I have yet to look at the list you linked to but I certainly look at it a bit later. (y)

Just had a very brief look. Is there a table for number versus spec for common spring manufacturers such as those sold by Titan and others sold as part of UK tuning kits?
The problem with Titan springs is they have changed some of the specs due to shortages of the wire so one chart you may find may not match the springs they produce now.

This was the sizes an RFD measured in 2018 and apparently some have changed sizes since .

NO- OD - ID - Wire- Coils- Length

01- 21.0- 14.5- 3.2- 31- 280
02- 22.7- 15.5- 3.6- 30- 291
03- 20.8- 14.7- 3.2- 34- 304
04- 22.6- 15.6- 3.6- 28- 252
05- 19.0- 13.1- 3.0- 32- 290
06- 19.7- 13.3- 2.9- 39- 341
07- 20.0- 13.8- 3.3- 30- 255
08- 20.0- 13.8- 3.3- 34- 295
09- 21.0- 14.7- 3.3- 27- 280
10- 21.0- 14.8- 3.1- 27- 230
11- 18.8- 12.8- 3.0- 31- 230
12- 18.9- 12.6- 2.9- 36- 295
13- 19.4- 13.0- 3.1- 39- 340
14- 22.7- 15.4- 3.6- 37- 358
15- 17.5- 12.1- 2.3- 33- 254

All measurement in millimeters.
 
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If you say in here, what power output you'd like and purpose of gun, the GOOD guys here will point you in the right direction of a recommended spring 👊🏻🐼👍🏻

Thanks, yes, I've already chatted with a few people about springs in general and a spring to suit my HW77. I've been given some advice, which I appreciate. But when I look for the specs of some of those springs the answers don't seem obtainable.

I've built plenty engines over the years, when I rebuild an engine I will make sure there's a certain clearance between bore and piston, a certain piston ring gap, a certain clearance in bearings, etc. I most recently rebuilt my boat engine, I know that as standard the bores would have been 4inches diameter, I saw the pistons were stamped 040 so I knew the pistons were meant for a +40thou bore so I should expect the bore to be 4.040inches. I measured the bores and some were only 4.038/9 inches, which could explain why the ring gaps on pistons in those cylinders were too tight, which could have been part of the reason why those rings had failed putting some scores in the cylinders and damaging the pistons. I'm not as concerned about exacting tolerances between the spring and piston / spring and guide on the gun but I would expect info to be out there about the standard internal diameter of the piston and standard external diameter of the guide to the nearest 0.1mm / 4 thou and I would expect spring manufacturers and those who make tuning kits etc to state the spec of stuff they sell to the nearest 0.1mm / 4thou. I would have thought the internal sizes of a well known make/model gun would be known, like the diameter of my engine's bore would have been close to spot on 4" when it was new, the inside diameter of my gun piston not to have changed much over time unlike the engine, I know the inside diameter of my gun piston has not been machined etc since it was knew and would expect HW to be reasonably consistent with sizes. It would be nice if spring makers and tuning kit suppliers listed specs like sizes and spring rates so I could decide what sping(s) would fit and make my own decisions. Instead the message is "Buy this spring and stick it in your HW, we call it a number X spring". You ask them what spec X spring is and they don't know. To me that's like asking an engine piston manufacturer for advice about what piston to fit and finding out they don't even know if it fits a 4 inch bore, +20thou, + 40thou or +60thou cylinder bore, they also don't know basics such as whether the pistons they sell are for solid press fit or floating little end bearings or what piston rings are likely to suit. My message to them is "Thanks for the advice but I would like to know what spec you think the engine/gun is and why you are recommending me X spring, let's see what clearances we can expect from those figures, give me the list of all the springs you have because I would like to double check your figures/reasoning and at my own risk might decide to buy/fit one that I think will fit/work better".

I know some sellers/tuners will say "Sell you a kit with a sping guide to suit", good for the part of the spring that is on the guide but says nothing about the part of the spring that is past the guide but could be kept straighter perhaps with less twang if it's a good fit inside the piston. Sell me a piston sleave? So in other words you're suggesting perhaps a wider diameter spring could have been fitted and if I just bought your spring without that sleave it wouldn't keep the spring as straight in the piston.. But it seems you would have been prepared to sell me the same spring without the piston sleeve and not even suggest I buy or question whether I already have the piston sleeve.

I want it to be just under the legal limit, smooth cocking, no twang, some preload, what I would call good clearances inside the gun.
 
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Titan, Air Rifle Headquarters ( Maccari), Ox ( now defunct), all give spring specs, as does The Spring Store ( on line). Your chances of finding a spring that fits ( properly) a factory guide are pretty slim, though a couple can be made to fit by slimming an HW guide down... To wit, a Maccari E3650, which is a good spring for the HWs 77, 97 & 98/ 95/85 platforms.
As far as piston I.D., your rifle is right there handy for any measurements needed.
The mfgrs. of kits ie: Welsh Will & Nick @ TBT have spent time getting their wares set up for sub 12 rifles... but may sell you a spring a la carte & provide specs?
When out of the rifle, an HW piston can be engaged into the trigger,( in the block) & a measurement taken - inside piston to mating face of rear block, to get maximum allowable spring length for a particular HW rifle model ( subtract rear guide bearing surface + top hat bearing surface thicknesses & any slip washer thickness).
 
If you give Nick a call at TBT towers he will talk you through it I'm sure, and his springs are very good too.
 
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