An
air gun or
airgun is a
gun that uses
compressed air or other pressurized
gases to fire
projectiles, reminiscent of the principle behind the ancient
blowgun. This is in contrast to a
firearm, which shoots projectiles using pressure generated via
combustion of a chemical propellant, most often
black powder in antique firearms and
smokeless powder in modern firearms.
Air guns come in both
long gun (
air rifle) and
handgun (
air pistol) forms. Both types typically propel metallic projectiles that are either
diabolo-shaped
pellets or spherical
shots called
BBs, although in recent years
Minié ball-shaped
cylindro-conoidal projectiles called
slugs are gaining more popularity. Certain types of air guns (usually air rifles) may also launch
fin-stabilized projectile such as
darts (e.g.,
tranquilizer guns) or hollow-shaft
arrows (so-called "airbows").
The first air guns were developed as early as the
16th century, and have since been used in
hunting,
shooting sport and even in warfare. There are three different power sources for modern air guns, depending on the design:
spring-
piston,
pneumatic<a href="
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_gun#cite_note-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a><a href="
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_gun#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a> or
bottled compressed gas (most commonly
carbon dioxide and recently
nitrogen).